Chicago writing style sample. Chicago Manual Style 2022-12-11
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The Chicago Manual of Style, also known as "Chicago style," is a writing and citation style guide that has been widely used in the publishing industry for over 100 years. It is commonly used in the fields of history, economics, and the social sciences, and it is known for its strict guidelines and attention to detail.
One of the main features of Chicago style is the use of footnotes or endnotes to provide citations and additional information. These notes are placed at the bottom of the page (footnotes) or at the end of the document (endnotes), and they are marked with a corresponding number in the text. The use of footnotes or endnotes allows writers to provide more information without interrupting the flow of their text.
In addition to footnotes or endnotes, Chicago style also has specific guidelines for formatting and punctuation. For example, titles of books, articles, and other works are italicized, and punctuation is placed outside of quotation marks unless it is part of the quotation. Chicago style also has specific rules for the use of abbreviations, numbers, and capitalization.
Chicago style is often used in academic writing, and it is important for writers to follow these guidelines in order to provide clear and consistent citations and formatting. Here is an example of a paragraph written in Chicago style:
According to a recent study, "the number of people living in cities is expected to increase significantly over the next several decades" (Smith and Jones, "Urbanization," 35). This trend is likely to have significant consequences for the environment, as cities are major sources of pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (Baker, "Environmental Impacts," 45). However, it is also important to consider the social and economic benefits of urbanization, such as increased access to education and employment opportunities (Johnson, "Benefits of Urbanization," 23).
In this example, the writer has used footnotes to provide citations for each of the sources cited in the text. The footnotes are numbered and correspond to the information provided in the text. The writer has also followed the formatting guidelines for titles, punctuation, and capitalization as outlined in the Chicago Manual of Style.
Overall, the Chicago Manual of Style is a comprehensive and detailed guide that is widely used in the publishing industry and academia. By following its guidelines, writers can ensure that their writing is clear, consistent, and properly cited.
Chicago Manual of Style 17th Edition
Sources are alphabetized by author last name. Summary: This section contains information on The Chicago Manual of Style CMOS method of document formatting and citation. However, in a work that does not include a bibliography, it is recommended that the full citation be repeated when it is first used in a new chapter. Reference list example Dickstein, Morris. However, add a single line space between entries.
Authors and dates in website citations If the web page has a named author, use this at the start of the citation as you would for any other source. The guidelines for use of short and full notes can vary across different fields and institutions. Though useful, a bibliography is not required in works that provide full bibliographic information in the notes. David Bradshaw Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008 , 11. Mary Shelley, Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus, ed.
Chicago Author-Date In-text citation format Author last name year, page number s In-text citation example Einstein 1923, 44—45 Reference list format Author last name, first name. For example, you might use a larger font for chapter headings, bold for section headings, and italics for subheadings: Block quotes Prose quotations of five or more lines or more than 100 words , as well as poetry quotations of two or more lines, are presented as Block quotes do not use Numbers and acronyms Chicago recommends using words, not numerals, for numbers lower than 100. Reference list example MSNBC. The editor who compiled the book is listed later. In addition, it can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism, which is the intentional or accidental uncredited use of source material created by others.
If one of your sources e. Template documents set up in Chicago style are available to download below. Turabian's Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations 8th edition. Reference list example University of Amsterdam. The numbering does not restart with a new page or section although in a book-length text it may restart with each new chapter. Use margins of at least 1 inch on all sides of the page.
Sample Paper Using Chicago Manual of Style :: blog.sigma-systems.com
Here are the topic regions: Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Sub-Saharan, Chinese, Indo-Chinese, Western Indo-European Greece, Rome, Medieval Europe , Eastern Indo-European Persia, India , Meso-American, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Melanesian and Polynesian, Mongol and Turkic, and Semitic Hebrew, Arab. If there is a date of publication or last revision, include this instead of the access date. Place of publication: publisher, year. While individual citations for different types of sources will vary slightly in format, they all contain some very similar information. Chicago Author-Date In-text citation format Author last name year, page number s In-text citation example Dickstein 2002, 71 Reference list format Author last name, first name.
Chicago Author-Date In-text citation format Author last name year, page number if applicable In-text citation example Marshall 2018 Reference list format Author last name, first name. Title page A All text on the title page should be center-aligned and double-spaced, and written in the same font as the rest of your text. If you would like to know more about this style, please see the Below is a sample research paper formatted using Chicago Manual of Style. Issue Month Year : Page range. Choose only one culture for example, Roman rather than all Western Indo-European cultures, or Hebrew rather than all Semitic cultures. If a given work cited in the bibliography or reference list be excessively long due to title or subtitle, there are provisions for making the complete citation in the reference list and then using an abbreviated form in the notes list to avoid excessive documentation. Punctuation In a bibliography, all major elements are separated by periods.
Sometimes you might be required to use a full note for every citation, or to use a short note every time as long as all sources appear in the Placement of footnotes Footnotes should be used whenever a source is The reference number appears in superscript at the end of the clause or sentence it refers to. The title page should not have a page number, but should be included in the page count—in other words, the page numbering starts on page 2. New York: Ace Books, 1981. If no author or editor is listed, the title or, as a last resort, a descriptive phrase may be used. Burns, Anna, Robert Smith, Judith Green, and Maggie White. This manual, which presents what is commonly known as the "Turabian" citation style, follows the two CMOS patterns of documentation but offers slight modifications suited to student texts.
Bibliography example Marshall, Alex. Add the URL if you consulted the book online instead of in a physical copy. Online works will also include retrieval information, including the URL and the date of access. Please note that although these resources reflect the most recent updates in the The Chicago Manual of Style 17 thedition concerning documentation practices, you can review a full list of updates concerning usage, technology, professional practice, etc. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. Fujimura, The Right Tools for the Job: At Work in the Twentieth-Century Life Sciences Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992 , 257-286.
Toronto: Petlove Press, 2007. Introduction to Notes In the Notes and Bibliography system, you should include a note endnote or footnote each time you use a source, whether through a direct quote, paraphrase, or summary. Place of publication: publisher. Endnotes appear in their own section at the end of the text, before the bibliography. Bibliography format Author last name, first name.
. Titles Titles of books and journals are italicized. The Chicago Manual of Style should be consulted for the complete list of formatting guidelines. The other documentation style, the Author-Date System, is nearly identical in content but slightly different in form and is preferred by those working in the social sciences. Bibliography format Author last name, first name. If you are using Example: Chicago author-date citation with no date Scribbr, n.
