Digestive system of swine and its functions. (PDF) DIGESTION IN THE PIG LECTURE CONTENT 2022-12-14

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The digestive system of swine, also known as pigs, is a complex system that is responsible for breaking down and absorbing nutrients from the food they consume. The main functions of the swine digestive system are to extract energy and nutrients from food, eliminate waste products, and maintain homeostasis within the body.

The process of digestion begins in the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down by the teeth and mixed with saliva. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, which begins the process of breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars. From the mouth, the food moves down the esophagus and into the stomach.

The stomach of a pig is highly acidic, with a pH of around 2. This acidic environment helps to kill any harmful bacteria in the food and helps to break down the food further. The stomach also contains three main types of cells: mucous cells, parietal cells, and chief cells. Mucous cells secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining from the acidic environment, parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12, and chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which is converted to pepsin by the acid and helps to break down proteins.

After the food has been partially digested in the stomach, it is moved into the small intestine. The small intestine is the main site of nutrient absorption in the digestive system. The walls of the small intestine are lined with tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area for absorption. The walls of the small intestine also contain several types of cells that secrete enzymes that aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

The large intestine, also known as the colon, is responsible for the absorption of water and electrolytes and the elimination of solid waste. The colon contains bacteria that help to break down and ferment undigested food. The waste products produced by these bacteria are then eliminated through the rectum and anus.

In addition to the digestive system, the liver and pancreas also play important roles in the digestion and absorption of nutrients in swine. The liver produces bile, which is necessary for the digestion of fats, and the pancreas secretes enzymes that aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

In summary, the digestive system of swine is a complex system that plays a crucial role in the overall health and well-being of these animals. It is responsible for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients, the elimination of waste products, and the maintenance of homeostasis within the body.

Digestive System: Function, Organs & Anatomy

digestive system of swine and its functions

For dietary fat that is broken down and absorbed into the brush border, they enter the lymphatic system and are released into general circulation via the thoracic duct. . Chewing Cud Goats often eat quickly by comparison to humans by swallowing food in chunks up to almost 2 inches long. The omasum functions as a filter where water is reabsorbed and food is pushed along to the Abomasum. Amino acids and simple sugars released into the brush border membrane are absorbed into the microvilli first, then into the villi, and then pass into the circulatory system.

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The Digestive Tract of the Pig

digestive system of swine and its functions

Digestion is the break-down of food occurring along the digestive tract. These small units of food are absorbed as nutrients or pass out of the body as urine and feces. Plant proteins not degraded in the rumen along with microbial protein are passed to the lower tract. Certain cells along the stomach wall secrete hydrochloric acid and enzymes. Food that enters the mouth and is not digested or absorbed as it passes down the digestive tract is excreted through the anus as feces.

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Digestive System Of Swine And Its Functions

digestive system of swine and its functions

Thanks to the bacteria that live in the rumen, these microbes can synthesize all necessary B vitamins. In addition to the pancreas secreting into the duodenum, bile, which is stored in the gall bladder and produced by the liver, is secreted as well. Once food is chewed and mixed with saliva, it passes though the mouth, pharynx and then the oesophagus to the stomach. The duodenum is approximately 12 inches long and is the portion of the small intestine that ducts from the pancreas and the liver gall bladder. Mucosa - The internal lining of the digestive tract.


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(PDF) DIGESTION IN THE PIG LECTURE CONTENT

digestive system of swine and its functions

Fermentation in the rumen is made possible by a very stable environment for microbial growth. The stomach has four distinct areas which include the oesophageal, cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions Figure 2. The Abomasum is the last compartment and is the true stomach. It begins with the mouth and includes the esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines, rectum. There are multiple kinds of GI cancers. The small intestine consists of three sections: the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Peritonitis - Inflammation of the peritoneum.

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Goat Digestive System: What it is and how it works

digestive system of swine and its functions

What does the digestive system do? Digestion is important because your body needs nutrients from the food you eat and the liquids you drink in order to stay healthy and function properly. In addition, abnormalities of prehension, mastication, and swallowing usually are associated with diseases of the oral mucosa, teeth, mandible or other bony structures of the head, pharynx, or esophagus. In cattle and sheep, rumen microbes supply the digestive enzymes necessary for the breakdown of plant cellulose and hemicellulose. Proteins - These are composed of amino acids which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen and phosphorus. Its function is to provide the necessary environment for the digestion and absorption of the food. Multiple coronaviruses cause enteric disease in pigs, and clinical differentiation is difficult. Protozoa species are known to vary with the type of diet, time of year and geological location.

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Swine Digestive System — Swine Home Study Course — Penn State Extension

digestive system of swine and its functions

. Prompt IV fluid therapy is the main. Regions of the stomach Small Intestine, Pancreas and Liver The small intestine is the major site of nutrient absorption, and is divided into three sections. . . Also, B-vitamins are synthesised in the large intestine and are absorbed in a very limited amount, but not significant to alter nutritional supplementation of them.

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The Digestive System in Animals

digestive system of swine and its functions

Gall bladder - An organ attached to the liver which produces bile that helps in the digestion and absorption of fats. High grain to roughage ratios, some feed processing techniques and certain feed additives promote propionate at the expense of acetate. This heat of fermentation is a disadvantage in most instances. They also re-salivate the feed and re-swallow it. Rumen bacteria have been classified according to the type of food they utilize or the end products they producee. The pancreas serves as the most vial organ in the digestive process for producing and secreting enzymes needed for the digestion of chyme and the prevention of cell damage due to pH. .

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The ruminant digestive system

digestive system of swine and its functions

Your digestive system breaks down and absorbs nutrients from the food and liquids you consume to use for important things like energy, growth and repairing cells. However, in animals such as the horse and rabbit, the cecum is very important in the digestion of fibrous feeds. Food then passes into the fundic region which is the first major portion of the stomach that begins the digestive process. Such bacterial overgrowth may cause malabsorption by injuring mucosal cells, by competing for nutrients, and by deconjugating bile salts and hydroxylating fatty acids. There are three main salivary glands, which include the parotid, mandibular and sub-lingual glands. The monogastric differs from that of a polygastric or ruminant digestive system found in cattle and sheep. Many rumen microbes need ammonia to grow and build protein.

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Swine Digestion

digestive system of swine and its functions

These functions can be broadly characterized as: Normal GI tract motility involves peristalsis, muscle activity that moves ingesta from the esophagus to the rectum; segmentation movements, which churn and mix the ingesta; and segmental resistance and sphincter tone, which retard aboral progression of gut contents. Black, tarry feces melena indicate hemorrhage in the stomach or upper part of the small intestine. Hypersecretion is a net intestinal loss of fluid and electrolytes that is independent of changes in permeability, absorptive capacity, or exogenously generated osmotic gradients. The absorbed foodstuffs may be transported around the body by the lymph and by the blood portal system. Large Intestine The large intestine or hindgut encompasses four main sections.

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