Vapor pressure and heat of vaporization lab. Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization Investigations 2022-12-19
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Lab Report 2 heat of vaporization of static method
The lecture topics covered in this experiment were vapor pressure, heat of vaporization and Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Hypothesis: There is a direct relationship between the vapor pressure of a liquid and its temperature, which would mean one is increasing as the other increases as well. Procedure - The isoteniscope was filled with the liquid about two-thirds full. Use a hot plate to heat approximately 200 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker. In this case, pressure is measured over a range of temperatures to determine the relationship between pressure and temperature of ethanol. Next, in the 1000 ml water beaker, position the temperature sample. When the molecules have strong intermolecular forces will have lower vapor pressure, while weak intermolecular forces will have higher vapor pressure.
The vaporization rate of a bottle is greater than that of the condensation, which eventually evaporates the solvent. Additionally show theClausius-Clapeyronequation and describe how vapor pressure and temperature data can be manipulated to find the enthalpy of vaporization. This could be due to calculation and human error. A basic understanding in chemistry is that adding heat is a common way to increase the energy of a liquid system. The results revealed that the increase in temperature allows for an increase in air pressure and steady maintenance in volume. This was clearly seen in the diagrams of the vapor pressure. The accepted values and compounds of the, as well as the calculated values, were substantially diferent.
The objective of this lab is to measure the pressure inside a sealed vessel containing ethanol, a volatile liquid. However, I can try to compare the boiling point of the unknown since it has less difference. When the equilibrium is reached, the rate of condensation is equal to the rate of evaporation and the rate of vapor pressure will remain constant as long as the temperature in the sealed container does not change. I cannot determine the unknown comparing the heat of vaporization values, because the difference between the theoretical and experimental values are big. The pressure at equilibrium is called vapor pressure, and will remain constant as long as the temperature in the container does not change.
Experiment 14 Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization
Eventually, equilibrium is reached between the rate of evaporation and the rate of condensation. What results were obtained? Procedure: The procedure followed was from a printed handout from , Experiment 14: Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization, pp. In the second trial water, salt, and nail polish remover evaporated equally. Techniques that were used in this lab include calibrating the pressure sensor and temperature probe and also properly measuring our liquid sample. From this, heat of vaporization of ethanol is calculated.
The increase in temperature allows particles to move faster and if they have enough energy, they can break free and become a gas molecule. INTRODUCTION Liquids are made up of different molecules of film energies. Introduction When a liquid is placed in a container, and the container is sealed tightly, a portion of the liquid will evaporate. Another purpose of part I of this experiment is to reiterate the use of web- based data and tables to organize our numerical results as well as deltaHvapand delta T calculations of substances. It is important to understand heat of vaporization for many reasons.
The calculated percent error was at 6% which is a little over the accepted value, but not by a lot. This requires looking at the experimental titles, the purpose, the data, and calculation sections of the lab notebook and bringing them all together. If this was a real in person lab, errorswith procedure, equipment, etc. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS TRIAL 1234 TEMPERATURE C 17 C 32 C 41 C 50 C TEMPERATURE K 290 K 305 K 314 K 323 K MEASURED TOTAL PRESSURE kPa 101. These failures during the experiment can be attributed. This exerts pressure in the container. What errors could have happened or how could this lab activity be improved to address the purpose? The limitation of the assumption is that z and heat of vaporzation is in fact dependent on temperature.
Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization blog.sigma-systems.com
The relation between the vapor pressure and the temperature of the solution is discussed in this experiment. Obtain and wear goggles. Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization Worksheet: Name: Hope Robertson Date: February, 6th 2020 Introduction Provide a brief statement of the purpose of this activity. At this point, the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the partial pressure of its vapor in the flask. Introduction Vaporization is the process of converting a liquid into a gas. The pressure of the air and the total pressure were both recorded for each incremental temperature adjustment. At the boiling point, the temperature of the liquid is the same as the escaping vapor or gas.
These numbers were then used to find the pressure of vaporization see calculation 2 of Appendix A. With the measuring cups it was difficult to tell whether or not the estimation was correct. Purpose: The purpose of the experiment is to calculate the heat of vaporization of the liquid and to investigate the relationship between the vapor pressure of a liquid and its temperature. When a liquid is placed into a confined space some of the liquids will evaporate. Boiling temperature is one such physical property.
Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization Lab blog.sigma-systems.com
After completing the Preliminary Activity, you will first use reference sources to find out more about vapor pressure before you choose and investigate a researchable question dealing with vapor pressure. The vapor pressure above the solvent is raised by a higher solvent temperature. Be sure to include the meaning of enthalpy of vaporization and why vapor pressure is temperature dependent. Also to teach the proper use and technique of laboratory materials such as the clamp apparatus, beaker, pipet and thermometer. There is film energy to escape to the gas phase of some faster liquid molecules.
Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization Worksheet (1).pdf
Thus, the Clausius-Clayperon equation not only describes how vapor pressure is affected by temperature, but it relates these factors to the heat of vaporization of a liquid. During evaporation, only those molecules with a certain minimum kinetic energy can escape from the surface of the liquid. Purpose - The objective of this experiment is to determine the heat of vaporization of a single component, two phase system through measuring the vapor pressure as a function of temperature. We know that substances with weaker intermolecular forces, such as London dispersion, will have a faster vaporization rate and thus a higher temperature difference compared to those with stronger molecular bonds such as hydrogen and dipole-dipole forces. Although the boiling point does vary slightly…. When such a conversion occurs at the surface of a liquid that is not boiling, the process is called evaporation. Unfortunately, the vapor pressure has not improved due to an experimental error with a hole in the center of the stopper.
