Mongoloid babies, also known as Down syndrome, are caused by a chromosomal abnormality that results in the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. This chromosomal abnormality occurs during the early stages of fetal development and is present at birth.
Down syndrome is a genetic condition that occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 in the cells of the body. Chromosomes are thread-like structures that contain DNA, the genetic material that carries instructions for the development and function of the body. Normally, humans have 46 chromosomes in each cell, arranged in 23 pairs. However, in individuals with Down syndrome, there is an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in a total of 47 chromosomes in each cell.
There are three types of Down syndrome: trisomy 21, mosaic Down syndrome, and translocation Down syndrome. Trisomy 21 is the most common type, accounting for about 95% of all cases. It occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 in every cell in the body. Mosaic Down syndrome occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 in only some of the cells in the body. Translocation Down syndrome occurs when a piece of chromosome 21 breaks off and attaches to another chromosome, resulting in the extra genetic material.
Down syndrome is not a hereditary condition and cannot be passed down from parent to child. It occurs randomly during the early stages of fetal development and is not caused by anything the parents did or did not do. However, the risk of having a baby with Down syndrome increases with the mother's age. Women who are 35 years old or older have a higher risk of having a baby with Down syndrome compared to younger women.
Down syndrome can cause a range of physical and intellectual disabilities, including delays in physical growth, developmental delays, and intellectual disability. However, the severity of the condition can vary widely among individuals with Down syndrome. Some people with Down syndrome may have only mild to moderate intellectual disability, while others may have more severe intellectual disability.
In conclusion, Mongoloid babies, or Down syndrome, are caused by a chromosomal abnormality that results in the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. This condition occurs randomly during fetal development and is not caused by anything the parents did or did not do. The risk of having a baby with Down syndrome increases with the mother's age, and the severity of the condition can vary widely among individuals with Down syndrome.