Mitosis and meiosis difference. Mitosis vs. Meiosis: Key Differences, Chart and Venn Diagram 2023-01-04

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Mitosis and meiosis are both processes that involve the division of cells. However, they differ in several key ways.

Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic cells, or cells that make up the body of an organism. It results in the production of two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. The process of mitosis is divided into four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, the chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell become visible. In metaphase, the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. In anaphase, the chromosomes are separated and move to opposite ends of the cell. Finally, in telophase, the cell begins to divide, forming two new nuclei.

Meiosis, on the other hand, is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells, such as eggs and sperm. It results in the production of four genetically diverse daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. The process of meiosis is also divided into four stages: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I, followed by a second round of division known as prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II. During prophase I, the chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell become visible and pair up with their homologous chromosomes. In metaphase I, the pairs of chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. In anaphase I, the pairs of chromosomes are separated and move to opposite ends of the cell. Finally, in telophase I, the cell begins to divide, forming two new nuclei. The second round of division is similar to mitosis, with the chromosomes lining up in the center of the cell, separating, and moving to opposite ends of the cell, resulting in the production of four genetically diverse daughter cells.

One key difference between mitosis and meiosis is the number of daughter cells produced. Mitosis results in the production of two daughter cells, while meiosis results in the production of four daughter cells. Another difference is the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells. In mitosis, the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while in meiosis, the daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This is because during meiosis, the chromosomes are separated into pairs and only one chromosome from each pair is passed on to each daughter cell.

In summary, mitosis and meiosis are both processes of cell division, but they differ in the number of daughter cells produced and the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells. Mitosis is responsible for the growth and repair of the body, while meiosis is responsible for the production of genetically diverse reproductive cells.

Mitosis vs. Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

Chromosomes pairing do not occur in Mitosis. Phases of meiosis II Prophase II During prophase II, the chromosomes condense. Mitosis is how new body cells are produced, whereas meiosis is used to produce gametes i. Also, students should focus on the number of chromosomes and how they get divided during both phenomena. Sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells. Other cells, such as neurons, will never divide again once they are terminally differentiated; they are post-mitotic. It contains half the original amount of genetic information.

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Mitosis vs. Meiosis Flashcards

mitosis and meiosis difference

Prophase - chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down and crossing over occurs 2. Your cells need to make copies of themselves so that they can replace old, dead cells. Interphase Interphase occurs prior to each division. The two non-identical, haploid daughter cells now enter the second stage of meiosis. Meiosis is the process by which gametes are produced.


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Mitosis and Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

It is usually of a few hours. The Cell Cycle and Mitosis: You Are Your Own Clone Army Just like us multicellular organisms, cells have a cycle of life. Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division and produces four non-identical haploid daughter cells. It involves the formation of haploid gametes which can unite and form the diploid zygote. D The end product of mitosis is two 2n daughter cells with duplicated chromosomes where as the end product of meiosis is four n cells with duplicated chromosomes.


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Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

E The chromosomes lineup at the metaphase plate. Sister chromatids pulling apart in meiosis II. Even though each primary oocyte technically produces three or four daughter cells, only one of them is actually a viable egg. Plant cell in Interphase. This feat is performed by a miraculous cellular zipper called the synaptonemal complex SC. Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis Table in Tabulated Form MITOSIS MEIOSIS During the Interphase stage, genetically identical sister chromosomes formed, due to the replication of each chromosome.

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Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

These are genetically identical to one another. Prophase II - a new spindle forms around the chromosome Metaphase II - chromosomes are positioned at the metaphase plate. A Crossing over during meiosis. Class 9 and Class 11 NCERTs cover differences between Mitosis and Meiosis. The process occurs in a sexually reproducing single-celled and multi cellular eukaryotes.

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The Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

The cell cycle proceeds via interphase, that comprises the stages of growth and DNA duplication, followed by a mitotic M phase. Each daughter cell will inherit one centrosome. Telophase This phase involves the formation of new nuclei around the separated set of chromosomes, disassembly of spindle fibers, and loosening of chromosomes. During metaphase, the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, and the microtubules form a full mitotic spindle across the cell. In other words, each daughter cell has only one chromosome from each homologous pair. Because prophase is so long, some scientists divide it into two phases: prophase and prometaphase. Anaphase-homologous chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell 4.

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Difference Between Mitosis And Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

Anaphase II The chromosomes are pulled apart by microtubules. The chromosomes are attached to the centrosomes, which are now on opposite sides of the cell. Yes, studying Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis can surely help you in scoring excellent marks in Class 12 biology exams. Metaphase Sister chromatids align at the metaphase plate a plane that is equally distant from the two cell poles. In meiosis I, we have prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I. These four phases are responsible for organizing the genetic material, duplicating important cell organelles, and then dividing a cell into two different cells each with the required organelles and DNA. Whereas, meiosis produces four daughter cells from a parent cell, and the cells are not genetically identical, and they contain half of the chromosomes of the parent cell.

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The Differences Between Mitosis And Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

Both processes have a growth period called interphase, in which a cell replicates its genetic material and organelles in preparation for division. This is the raw substrate for evolution. Each of those cells has the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. . D Both involve production of cells for growth and tissue repair.

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Mitosis vs. Meiosis: Key Differences, Chart and Venn Diagram

mitosis and meiosis difference

Figure 02: Meiosis Meiosis involves two cell divisions resulting in the formation of four haploid gametes. Genetic recombination and crossing over take place during prophase I. Tetrad Formation Tetrad formation does not occur. This process is related, in plants and animals, with the development of organisms, healing and growth. The microtubules attach themselves to the chromosomes and begin to move them around. E The end product of mitosis is two 2n daughter cells with duplicated chromosomes whereas the end product of meiosis is four n cells with unduplicated chromosomes.

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Differences Between Mitosis and Meiosis

mitosis and meiosis difference

The phases of mitosis are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. E Sister chromatids never separate. Though there are similarities between mitosis and meiosis, there are some key differences between these two processes. This zipper must be strong enough to hold chromosomes together, but it must also be disassembled equally efficiently, otherwise homologous chromosomes will not accurately segregate in anaphase I, leading to a potentially disastrous genetic inequality in the daughter cells. Mitosis Stage Centrosomes Interphase The centrosome is duplicated. Mitosis is a cell division that produces two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. Recombination or Crossing over No recombination or crossing over occurs.


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